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149 B.C. Olympiad 157.4


Consuls: L. Marcius C.f. Censorinus, M'. Manilius P.f.
Athenian archon: (?) Lysiades
Achaean General: Damocritus

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    Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event

1 ROM << Andriscus escapes to Asia Minor.
* Read Diodorus' account
@  Diod_32.15'1-5;*  ~[Liv]:Per_49; Ampel_16'5; Zonar_9'28.(p383) 
2 << A Spartan embassy appeals to the senate about a disputed territory, but they are told to accept Achaean jurisdiction.
@  Paus_7.12'2-5; { Diaeus used this decision as a pretext for his aggressive policy towards Sparta.}
3 PON << Prusias plots against Nicomedes.
* Read Appian's account
@  Appian:Mith_4-6;*  Just_34.4'1-3; Zonar_9'28;(p383)  { CAH_8'374.}
3a ASI << Document: OGIS_323, a decree of Pergamon in honour of an envoy to Rome.
4 AFR << Utica surrenders to Rome.
* Read Appian's account
@  CIL_1.585'461<t= ARS_51>; ~Polyb_36.3'1, '4; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'89-90;L  ~Appian:Pun_75;*  { CAH_8'152; OCD³.}
5 The Romans declare war on Carthage: start of the Third Punic War.
* Read Appian's account
@  Polyb_3.5'5; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'88-89;L  Strab_17'833;(3.15)  Vell_1.12'2; Flor_1.31'3-6; +Appian:Pun_75,*  86; Ampel_46'7; +Eutrop_4.10'1; +Oros_4.22'1; Zonar_9'26;(p367)  { CAH_8'152; OCD³.}
6 The Carthaginians send an embassy to try to avert war.
* Read Polybius' account
@  ~Polyb_36.3'1-8;*  Diod_32.6'1; +Appian:Pun_76; Zonar_9'26.(p367) 
7 The Carthaginian embassy decides to formally surrender to the Romans.
* Read Polybius' account
@  ~Polyb_36.3'9-4'7,*  9'12-13; Diod_32.6'1; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'90-91;L  +Appian:Pun_76, 80; Zonar_9'26.(p367) 
8 THR Andriscus crosses to Thrace, where he is welcomed by a chieftain called Teres and begins to collect an army.
* Read Diodorus' account
@  ~Polyb_36.10'1-3; Diod_32.15'6-7;*  Ampel_16'5; Zonar_9'28;(p385)  { Andriscus arrived in the area only three or four months before he gained control of Macedonia (Polyb_36.10'4).}
9 AFR The Carthaginians hand over hostages to the Romans.
* Read Polybius' account
@  ~Polyb_36.4'8-5'9,*  11'3; Diod_32.6'2; ~[Liv]:Per_49; +Appian:Pun_77, 79, 80, 81; +Zonar_9'26;(p369)  { CAH_8'152.}
10 The Carthaginians hand over their weapons to the Romans.
* Read Appian's account
@  ~Polyb_36.6'1-7; Diod_32.6'2; ~[Liv]:Per_49; Strab_17'833;(3.15)  Flor_1.31'7; +Appian:Pun_78-80;*  +Oros_4.22'1-2; +Zonar_9'26.(p369) 
11 SIC Polybius is summoned by Manilius to Lilybaeum, but returns home when it appears that war has been avoided.
@  ~Polyb_36.11'1-12'5; { Green_279<148?>; Walbank_p670.}
12 AFR The Romans order the Carthaginians to abandon their city.
* Read Appian's account
@  ~Polyb_36.7'1-5; Diod_32.6'2-4; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'91-93;L  Flor_1.31'8-9; +Appian:Pun_80-93;* (↓)  +Oros_4.22'3; Suda_B'320; +Zonar_9'26;(p369)  { CAH_8'152.}
13 The Carthaginians decide that war is inevitable, and begin to make preparations.
* Read Appian's account
@  Diod_32.9'1; Strab_17'833;(3.15)  Frontin:Str_1.7'3; Plut:Mor_828'C; Flor_1.31'10; +Appian:Pun_93-94;*  DioCass_fr.(Loeb2)p370; +Oros_4.22'4; +Zonar_9'26;(p371)  { CAH_8'159.}
14 GRE << Document: Austin_157B  (Syll_675), a decree of Oropus in honour of Hieron of Aegeira.
15 ROM The tribune Libo attempts to condemn Galba for his behaviour in Spain, and Cato joins in the accusation.
* Read Cicero's account
@  Cato:Orig_7'2-4;L (107)  Cic:DivCaec_66,*  :Mur_59, :DeOr_1'227-228, 2'263, ~:Brut_80, 89-90, +:Att_12.5b'1; Liv_39.40'12; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'98-100;L  ValMax_8.1'2, 7'1; Quint_2.15'8; Plut:CatMai_15'5; Tac:Ann_3'66; Fronto:Ep_1'p172; Gell_1.23'1-13; [Vict]:VirIll_47'7; { CAH_8'182; DPRR.}
16 PON The Romans send three envoys to Bithynia, causing Cato to comment caustically on the quality of the chosen envoys.
* Read Polybius' account
@  ~Polyb_36.14'1-5;*  Diod_32.20'1; [Liv]:Per_50, +:EpOx_50'110-115;L  Plut:CatMai_9'1; Appian:Mith_6; Just_34.4'4; { CAH_8'375.}
17 MAC ?? Document: Austin_137,B  a gymnasiarchy law from Beroea. { See also: BD(2004)_78 ( PDF ).}
18 MAC ++ The prosperous condition of Macedonia under the republics.
@  Polyb_36.17'13.
19 Andriscus gains control of Macedonia.
* Read Polybius' account
@  ~Polyb_36.10'4-5;*  [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'100-102;L  Vell_1.11'1; Flor_1.30'1-3; Ampel_44'2; +[Euseb]:Chron_239,(↓)  241;(↓)  !Hieron:Chron_1865; Zonar_9'28;(p385)  { CAH_8'321; OCD³.}
20 PEL The Achaean League seeks to impose its authority in Sparta by threatening war.
* Read Pausanias' account
@  Paus_7.12'3-7;*  DioCass_fr.72'1; Zonar_9'31;(p401)  { CAH_8'321 150?>; Walbank_p671-672.}
21 AFR The consuls assault Carthage.
* Read Appian's account
@  Diod_32.14'1; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'93-94;L  Plin:HN_7'47; +Appian:Pun_94-98;* (↓)  +Eutrop_4.10'2; +Oros_4.22'4-7; +Zonar_9'26;(p371)  { CAH_8'159; Green_713.}
22 GRE Greek reactions to Andriscus' revolt and the Punic War.
@  ~Polyb_36.9'1-10'7.
23 AFR Censorinus returns to Rome.
* Read Appian's account
@  ~[Liv]:Per_49; +Appian:Pun_99;*  +Oros_4.22'7; +Zonar_9'27;(p373)  { CAH_8'159.}
24 Phameas attacks Roman foraging parties.
* Read Appian's account
@  ~Polyb_36.8'1-3; Diod_32.7'1; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'95;L  +Appian:Pun_100-101;*  +Eutrop_4.10'2; Suda_A'1596, A'2235, Ph'62; +Zonar_9'27.(p373) 
25 MAC Andriscus is driven back from Thessaly by the Romans and their allies.
* Read Livy's account
@  ~Polyb_36.10'5; [Liv]:Per_50,*  +:EpOx_50'107-108;L  Zonar_9'28.(p385) 
26 PON ?? A style of cup is named after Prusias.
@  Athen_11.496'd-e.
27 ++ General comments on the character and appearance of Prusias, who was born with a deformed upper jaw.
* Read Polybius' account
@  Polyb_36.15'1-7;*  ValMax_1.8e'12; Plin:HN_7'69; Arrian:Fr_29; Suda_A'1333, P'2913.
28 Prusias, king of Bithynia, is killed at Nicomedeia.
* Read Appian's account
@  Diod_32.19'1, 21'1; [Liv]:Per_50, +:EpOx_50'109-110;L  Appian:Mith_7;*  Just_34.4'5; Zonar_9'28;(p383)  { CAH_8'374; OCD³.}
28a ASI Document: OGIS_299, a decree of Pergamon in honour of a priestess of Athena.
29 AFR The Romans are defeated at Nepheris; Scipio rescues three cohorts which were trapped after the fighting.
* Read Appian's account
@  ~Polyb_36.8'4-6; Cic:Tusc_4'50; Diod_32.8'1; [Liv]:Per_49, +:EpOx_49'95-97;L  Plin:HN_22'13;L  +Appian:Pun_102-104;*  DioCass_fr.70'4-9; [Vict]:VirIll_58'4; +Eutrop_4.10'3; +Oros_4.22'7; +Zonar_9'27;(p375)  { CAH_8'159; DPRR.}
30 Manilius informs a senatorial commission of the remarkable achievements of Scipio Aemilianus.
* Read Appian's account
@  +Appian:Pun_105;*  Zonar_9'27.(p379) 
31 ROM Cato praises Scipio.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Diod_32.9a'2; ~[Liv]:Per_49; ~Plut:CatMai_27'5-7,*  :Mor_200'A, 805'A; Suda_K'1113.
32 ?? Cato asks for Ti.Gracchus as his judge.
@  ValMax_3.7'7.
33 ?? Various young orators begin to establish their reputation while Cato is still alive.
@  Cic:Brut_81-82.
34 ?? Cato learns the Greek language in his old age.
* Read Quintilian's account
@  Cic:Acad_2'5; ValMax_8.7'1; Quint_12.11'23.* 
35 ?? Cato criticises A.Postumius for writing a history in Greek.
* Read Suda's account
@  Polyb_39.1'1-9; Suda_A'4446.* 
36 ?? Sayings and witticisms of Cato.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Polyb_39.1'5; Cic:DeOr_2'279, :Rep_2'2, :Off_2'89; Plin:HN_19'24;L  Plut:CatMai_8'1-9'12,*  19'5-8; Plinius:Ep_4.7'5; Plut:Mor_29'E,(10)  127'F, 131'D, 198'D-199'C, 199'E, 544'C, 668'B-C,(Q4.4)  759'C,(16)  784'A, 820'B, 829'F, 996'D; Athen_6.274'f-275'a; AmmMarc_14.6'8, 15.12'4, 16.5'2; Macrob:Sat_2.2'4.L 
37 ++ General comments on the humble origins, old-fashioned virtue, and long political career of Cato.
* Read Seneca's account
@  Cic:Verr_2.5'180, :Mur_66, :DeOr_1'171, 3'135, :Rep_1'1, 2'1-3, 3'40, :Leg_2'5,L  :Amic_6; Nepos:Cat_3'1-2; Hor:Od_3.21'11-12; ValMax_3.4'6, 8.15'2; Sen:Ep_87'9-10; Plin:HN_7'100, 14'44-45;L  Quint_12.3'9; Plut:CatMai_1'2-2'3, 4'1-7'3, 15'1-6, 21'1-8, 23'1-6, 24'11-25'4, 28'1-4, 29'4-31'4; Fronto:Ep_2'p200; Ampel_19'8; [Vict]:VirIll_47'7.
38 The death of Cato.
* Read Cicero's account
@  +Cic:Brut_61,*  80; +Vell_1.13'1; Plin:HN_14'45,L  +29'15;L  Plut:CatMai_27'5; { CAH_8'538; OCD³.}
39 PEL Callicrates is sent by the Achaean League to oppose the Spartan envoys in Rome, but dies on the way.
* Read Polybius' account
@  ~Polyb_36.13'1-2;*  Paus_7.12'8; { CAH_8'321<150/49>; OCD³.}
40 ROM L.Piso passes a law against extortion, the Lex Calpurnia de Repetundis.
* Read Cicero's account
@  CIL_1.583'23<x>, '74<t= ARS_45>; Lucil_607-608; Cic:Verr_2.3'195,*  4'56, :Mur_46, +:Brut_106, :Off_2'75; Schol:Bob_96; Justin:Dig_41.1.48'1<q" Paulus>; { CAH_8'131-132; OCD³.}
41 The Ludi Saeculares are celebrated.
* Read Livy's account
@  [Liv]:Per_49,*  +:EpOx_49'103-105;L  Phlegon:Fr_40'4;(p37)  +Censor:DN_17'11; { OCD³?146.}
42 SYR Ammonius murders Laodice and other members of the Syrian royal family.
@  ~[Liv]:Per_50; { CAH_8'362.}

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