| 1
| PER << Alexander defeats the Cossaeans.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
Diod_17.111'4-112'1;*
Strab_11'524;(13.6)
Plut:Alex_72'4;
Polyaen_4.3'31;
Arrian:Anab_7.15'1-3;
{ CAH_6'842.}
|
|---|
| 2
| GRE << Alexander demands that the Greek states should grant him divine honours.
* Read Aelian's account
@
Dinarch:Or_1'94;
Hyper_5'7,
'31-32;
Polyb_12.12b'3;
Plut:Mor_187'E,
219'E,
804'B,
842'D;
Arrian:Anab_7.23'2;
DiogLaert_6'63;
Aelian:VH_2'19,*
5'12,
9'37;
Athen_6.251'b;
{ CAH_6'874-5; OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 3
| ROM {5 March -R} The triumph of Papirius, over the Samnites.
* Read Livy's account
@
#FastTr_p95;
Liv_8.37'1;*
[Vict]:VirIll_31'4.
|
|---|
| 4
| GRE Demosthenes is found guilting of taking some of the money brought by Harpalus, and goes into exile.
* Read Dinarchus' account
@
Dinarch:Or_1'1-114,*
2'1-26,
3'1-22;
Hyper_5'1-40;
Dem:Epist_2'1,
'17;
Diod_17.108'8;
!DionHal:Amm_1'12,(↓↓)
:Din_10;(↓)
Plut:Phoc_22'4,
:Dem_26'1-6,
:Mor_846'C,
848'F,
850'D;
Paus_1.8'2;
Suda_D'456;
{ CAH_6'858; OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 5
| AEG Some Samians exiles return to their island, but are arrested and sent as prisoners to Athens.
@
IG_12.6.1.42'A;
{ CAH_6'858.}
|
|---|
| 6
| MES Foreign embassies meet Alexander in Babylonia.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
+Arrian:Anab_7.15'4-6,
19'1-2;
+Diod_17.113'1-4;*
Just_12.13'1-2;
Oros_3.21'2-3,
'8,
6.21'19-20.
|
|---|
| 7
| Alexander enters Babylon, despite the warnings of the Chaldaeans.
* Read Arrian's account
@
BabylChron_2;
+Diod_17.112'1-6,
19.55'8;
Seneca:Suas_4'1-5;
Plut:Alex_73'1-74'1;
Appian:BCiv_2'153;
+Arrian:Anab_7.16'5-8,
17'4-18'6;*
Just_12.13'3-5;
Oros_3.20'2-3;
{ CAH_6'843.}
|
|---|
| 8
| Alexander restores the Esagila, the great temple in Babylon.
* Read Arrian's account
@
BabylChron_4;
Strab_16'738;(1.5)
Joseph:Ap_1'192;
+Arrian:Anab_7.17'1-4.*
|
|---|
| 9
| CYR << Thibron attacks Cyrene and forces the city to come to terms.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
Diod_18.19'3-5;*
Strab_17'837;(3.21)
{ Anson_ix; after the death of Harpalus, which happened late in 324 B.C.}
|
|---|
| 10
| LYC << The Pisidians kill Balacrus, their governor.
@
Diod_18.22'1;
{ This probably happened shortly before the death of Alexander.}
|
|---|
| 11
| ITA The Romans agree a year's truce with the Samnites.
* Read Livy's account
@
Liv_8.37'1-2,*
9.1'3.
|
|---|
| 12
| MES Alexander explores and repairs the Pallacopas canal near the river Euphrates.
* Read Arrian's account
@
+Diod_17.116'5-7;
Strab_16'741;(1.11)
Appian:BCiv_2'153;(↓)
+Arrian:Anab_7.21'1-22'5.*
|
|---|
| 13
| Peucestas brings 20,000 Persian soldiers to Babylon.
@
!Diod_17.110'1-3;
+Arrian:Anab_7.23'1-5.
|
|---|
| 14
| Alexander orders extravagant funeral rites for Hephaestion, including divine honours.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
+Diod_17.114'1-116'1;*
Plut:Alex_72'3-5;
Arrian:Anab_7.14'7,
+23'6-8;
Lucian:Cal_17;
Just_12.12'12.
|
|---|
| 15
| Omens foreshadow the death of Alexander.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
+Diod_17.116'1-4;
Plut:Alex_73'6-9;*
Arrian:Anab_7.24'1-3;
PsCallisth_3'30.
|
|---|
| 16
| Seleucus receives omens of his future royal power.
* Read Arrian's account
@
Appian:Syr_56;
+Arrian:Anab_7.22'5;*
Suda_S'202.
|
|---|
| 17
| ASI ?? A dolphin falls in love with a boy called Dionysius, near Iasus in Caria.
* Read Athenaeus' account
@
Plin:HN_9'27;L
Plut:Mor_984'E-F;
Athen_13.606'c;*
Aelian:VH_6'15;
{ Pliny says that a similar story was told about another boy, called Hermias.}
|
|---|
| 18
| GRE ?? The philosopher Xenocrates refuses a gift of money from Alexander.
* Read Diogenes' account
@
Cic:Tusc_5'91;
Plut:Mor_181'E,
:Fr_99;
DiogLaert_4'8;*
Suda_X'42.
|
|---|
| 19
| PEL ?? Philonides, the courier of Alexander, runs from Sicyon to Elis in 9 hours.
* Read Pausanias' account
@
Syll_303;
Plin:HN_2'181,
7'84;
Paus_6.16'5.*
|
|---|
| 20
| ASI ?? Alexander attempts to dig a canal through the peninsula of Mimas, near Erythrae.
@
Plin:HN_5'116;
Paus_2.1'5.
|
|---|
| 21
| GRE ?? Crates, an engineer working for Alexander, attempts to clear the subterranean channels of Lake Copais.
@
Strab_9'407.(2.18)
|
|---|
| 22
| MES ?? Roxane is cured of an illness by a doctor called Dracon.
@
Suda_D'1497.
|
|---|
| 23
| ?? Alexander experiments with the effects of naphtha.
@
Strab_16'743;(1.15)
Plut:Alex_35'5-9.
|
|---|
| 23a
| ++ The magician Osthanes accompanies Alexander on his expeditions.
@
Plin:HN_30'11.L
|
|---|
| 24
| ++ Alexander uses two official artists, the sculptor Lysippus and the painter Apelles.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Cic:Fam_5.12'7;
ValMax_8.11e'2;
Plin:HN_35'85-86,
'106,
37'8;
Plut:Mor_335'A-B,*
360'D;
Fronto:Ep_2'p58-60;
Apul:Flor_7;
Aelian:VH_2'3.
|
|---|
| 25
| ++ The piper Timotheus arouses Alexander's martial spirit with his music.
* Read Dio's account
@
Sen:Dial_4.2'6;
Plut:Mor_335'A;
DioChrys:Or_1'1-7;*
Suda_A'1122,
O'573;
{ a similar story is told about several different musicians.}
|
|---|
| 26
| ?? Cities are founded by Alexander throughout his empire.
* Read ChroniconPaschale's account
@
Polyb_10.27'3;
Plin:HN_6'96-97,
'119,
'138;
Plut:Mor_328'E;
PsCallisth_3'35;
ExcBarb_34B;
ChronPasc_420'B;*
StephByz_p70-72.*
|
|---|
| 27
| ?? Various stratagems applied by Alexander.
* Read Polyaenus' account
@
Frontin:Str_1.3'1,
11'4,
2.11'6;
Polyaen_4.3'2,*
'13-14,
'28;
Aelian:VH_10'4.
|
|---|
| 28
| ?? Sayings of Alexander, addressed to Anaxarchus, Antigenes, Antipatridas, Olympias, Onesicritus, Perillus and others.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
ValMax_8.14e'2;
Sen:Ep_53'10;
Plut:Mor_65'F,(25)
85'C,
179'D-181'E,*
717'F,(8.1)
760'C-D,(16)
818'B-C;
Polyaen_4.3'1;
Lucian:HistC_40;
Athen_6.250'f-251'a;
AmmMarc_14.11'22,L
25.4'15;L
|
|---|
| 29
| ?? Sayings addressed to Alexander, by Agis, Anaxarchus, Antiphanes, Dioxippus, Philiscus and others.
@
Cic:Rep_3'24;
Sen:Ep_91'17;
Plut:Mor_60'B-C,
737'A;(9.1)
Athen_6.251'a,
13.555'a;
Aelian:VH_14'11;
DiogLaert_9'58,
'60;
August:DeCiv_4'4.
|
|---|
| 30
| ?? Other anecdotes about Alexander.
@
Hor:Epist_2.1'232-234;
ValMax_7.3e'1;
Sen:Ben_1.13'1-3;
Plin:HN_6'198,
8'44,
9'27;L
Plut:Mor_58'E,
826'C-D,
1096'B;
Polyaen_4.3'32;
Athen_1.17'f,
7.276'f-277'a;
Aelian:NA_10'40.
|
|---|
| 31
| The final plans of Alexander for further conquests.
* Read Arrian's account
@
+Diod_18.4'1-6,
19.12'5;
Strab_16'741,(1.11)
'785;(4.27)
Curt_10.1'17-19;
Lucan_10'36-40;
Plut:Mor_326'A-C;
+Arrian:Anab_7.1'1-4,
16'1-4,
19'3-20'10;*
Oros_3.15'10;
{ CAH_6'843; OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 32
| AEG << Alexander composes a testament and deposits it on the island of Rhodes.
* Read AlexanderRomance's account
@
Diod_20.81'3;
PsCallisth_3'32;* (↓)
ExcBarb_33A-34A.
|
|---|
| 33
| MES Alexander shows anger towards Cassander and Iollas, the sons of Antipater.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Plut:Alex_74'1-6,*
:Mor_180'F;
PsCallisth_3'31.(↓)
|
|---|
| 34
| Alexander falls ill after a banquet at the house of Medius.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
+Diod_17.117'1-2;
Sen:Ep_83'23;
Plut:Alex_75'1-6,*
:Mor_124'C;
Athen_10.434'a-b;
+Arrian:Anab_7.24'4-25'1;
Just_12.13'6-10;
PsCallisth_3'31.(↓)
|
|---|
| 35
| According to rumours, Antipater persuades his sons to poison Alexander.
* Read Curtius' account
@
+Diod_17.117'5-118'2;
Vitr_8.3'16;
ValMax_1.7e'2;
Curt_10.10'14-19;*
Plin:HN_30'149;L
Plut:Alex_77'2-5,
:Mor_849'F;
Paus_8.18'6;
+Arrian:Anab_7.27'1-3;
Just_12.4'1-9;
PsCallisth_3'31.
|
|---|
| 36
| The progress of Alexander's illness is recorded in his Journal ("Ephemerides").
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Plut:Alex_76'1-77'1;*
Arrian:Anab_7.25'1,
26'1.
|
|---|
| 37
| The Macedonian soldiers go to see Alexander, while he lies dying.
* Read Arrian's account
@
ValMax_5.1e'1;
Lucian:Alex_16;
+Arrian:Anab_7.25'2-26'1;*
PsCallisth_3'32.(↓↓)
|
|---|
| 38
| {29 Aiaru -B = 29 Daesius - M = 11 June} The death of Alexander.
* Read Justin's account
@
#AstrDiar_322B.obv'8;
MarmPar_B'8;
Nepos_18.2'1-2;
+Diod_17.117'3-5,
18.1'3-4;
Curt_10.5'1-16;
#Plut:Alex_75'6,
76'9;
Arrian:Anab_7.26'2-3,
28'1;
Censor:DN_21'9;L
Just_12.15'1-16'1;*
[Euseb]:Chron_127;
FGrH_155.1'1-2;
PsCallisth_3'32,(↓↓)
'35;
{ CAH_6'845; Errington_p13.}
|
|---|
| 39
| ++ General remarks on the character and achievements of Alexander the Great.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Polyb_8.10'7-11,
9.34'2-3;
Liv_9.16'19-19'17;
Curt_10.5'26-37;
Sen:Ep_94'62-63;
Lucan_10'20-52;
Silius_13'763-775;
Plut:Alex_4'1-7,
8'1-5;
:Mor_65'C-D,
326'D-345'B,*
623'D-624'A;(1.6)
Appian:BCiv_2'149-151;
Arrian:Anab_7.28'2-30'3;
Lucian:DMort_12'1-7,
14'1-6;
Athen_10.434'c,
12.537'd-540'a,
13.603'a-c;
Aelian:VH_3'23,
9'3,
12'16;
DioCass_78.7'1-4;
Just_9.8'11-21,
12.16'9-11;
Julian:Or_8.250'D-251'B,
:Caes_321'B-C,
330'B-D;
Suda_A'1121.
|
|---|
| 40
| GRE ?? Sayings of Diogenes, illustrating his Cynic philosophy.
* Read Diogenes' account
@
Teles_12,
41;
Cic:Tusc_1'104,
5'92;
Sen:Dial_9.8'7;
:Ep_90'14;
Plut:Fab_10'1,
:Mor_2'A,
5'C,
21'E-F,(4)
74'C,(36)
78'D,(6)
452'D,
477'C,
632'E,(2.1)
995'C-D,
1044'B,
1102'F;
Lucian:PrIm_17;
Gell_18.13'7-8;
Tert:Apol_39'14;
ClemAl:Strom_7'4;(↓)
Aelian:VH_3'29,
4'27,
9'19,
'28,
'34,
10'11,
12'56,
'58,
13'26;
DiogLaert_6'27-73,*
'104;
Julian:Or_6.197'C.
|
|---|
| 41
| ?? Other anecdotes about Diogenes.
@
Plut:Mor_233'A;
DiogLaert_5'18-19;
August:DeCiv_14'20.
|
|---|
| 42
| The death of Diogenes the Cynic.
* Read Diogenes' account
@
Plut:Mor_107'E,
+717'C;
Lucian:Vit_10;
Censor:DN_15'2;L
Aelian:VH_8'14;
DiogLaert_6'31-32,
+'76-79;*
Julian:Or_6.181'A;
+Suda_D'1143,
Ph'362;
{ OCD³=324/1; traditionally supposed to have happened on the same day as the death of Alexander.}
|
|---|
| 43
| ++ General remarks on the ascetic life of Diogenes.
* Read Diogenes' account
@
Sen:Ben_5.4'3-4;
Lucian:DMort_1'1-4,
11'1-4,
24'3,
27'1-9;
:Nec_18,
:Vit_7-11;
DiogLaert_6'74-76;* (D.9-10)
Julian:Or_6.194'D-195'B,
202'C,
203'A-B,
7.211'B-D;
AnthPal_7.65-68;
Suda_Z'207.
|
|---|
| 44
| MES Sisygambis, the mother of Dareius, starves herself to death.
* Read Curtius' account
@
+Diod_17.118'3;
Curt_10.5'17-25;*
Plut:Mor_343'B;
Just_13.1'1-6.
|
|---|
| 45
| After violent disputes, the Macedonians agree to appoint Perdiccas to be regent, with Craterus and Antipater in supporting roles.
* Read Justin's account
@
Nepos_18.2'1;
+Diod_18.2'1-4;
Curt_10.6'1-9'21;
Plut:Eum_3'1-2,
:Alex_77'7-8;
Appian:Syr_52;
Paus_1.6'2;
Arrian:Fr_1'1-4;
Just_13.1'7-4'8;*
Phot:Bibl_82<q"
Dexipp_8'1>;
PsCallisth_3'32;(↓)
FGrH_155.1'1-2;
{ CAH_7.1'26-7; Errington_p15.}
|
|---|
| 46
| Philippus Arrhidaeus becomes king of the Macedonians.
@
Diod_19.11'5;
+AstrCan_3;
Just_9.8'2;
[Euseb]:Chron_159,(↓)
169,(↓)
229,(↓)
241,
245;(↓)
Hieron:Chron_1693;
ExcBarb_44A;
Malal_196;
{ OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 47
| The Macedonians discuss plans for the funeral of Alexander.
* Read Curtius' account
@
Diod_18.28'2;
Curt_10.10'9-13;*
Quint_8.5'24;
Lucian:DMort_13'1-5;
Aelian:VH_12'64,
13'30.
|
|---|
| 48
| The Macedonians appoint satraps to govern the provinces of their empire.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
Nepos_18.2'2-3;
+Diod_18.3'1-5;*
Curt_10.10'1-8;
Plut:Eum_3'3-5;
Paus_1.9'5;
Arrian:Fr_1'5-8;
Just_13.4'9-25,
15.3'15;
Phot:Bibl_82<q"
Dexipp_8'2-7>;
PsCallisth_3'33;(↓↓)
FGrH_155.1'2-3;
[Euseb]:Chron_247-249;(↓)
Oros_3.23'7-13;
ExcBarb_33A-34A;
{ CAH_7.1'27-8.}
|
|---|
| 49
| GRE Demades, Dionysius, Phocion, Theocritus and others react to the news of the sudden death of Alexander.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Poseidon_39;
Memn_4'2;
Plut:Phoc_22'5-6;*
:Gal_1'4,
:Mor_181'F,
188'D,
459'E;
ClemAl:Protr_10'77-78.
|
|---|
| 50
| PEL Leosthenes gathers a large group of mercenaries at Taenarum.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
Hyper_6'10-11;
+Diod_17.111'3-4,
18.9'1-5;*
Paus_1.25'5,
8.52'5;
{ OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 51
| ITA << Agathocles goes to Croton and Tarentum, but is forced to leave both cities.
@
Diod_19.4'1;
{ ~CAH_7.1'387.}
|
|---|
| 52
| GRE Epicurus goes from Samos to Athens to be trained as an ephebe.
@
Strab_14'638;(1.18)
DiogLaert_10'1;
{ When he was 18 years old; he was born in 341 BC.}
|
|---|
| 53
| EGY Ptolemy establishes himself as satrap of Egypt - counted as the beginning of his reign.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
SelPap_1.1'1,
82'1;
+MarmPar_B'8;
+Diod_18.14'1-2;*
Joseph:AJ_12'11;
FGrH_255'9;
[Euseb]:Chron_161,
171,
205;(↓)
Hieron:Chron_1693,
1985;
ExcBarb_36B;
Malal_196-197;
ChronPasc_421'A;
{ see the detailed discussion of the exact date by Chris Bennett.}
|
|---|
| 54
| MES Roxane murders Stateira, who had been her rival as wife of Alexander.
@
Plut:Alex_77'6.
|
|---|
| 55
| ITA The Romans send armies against the Samnites and Apulians, but no battle is fought.
@
+Liv_8.37'3-6.
|
|---|
| 56
| GRE Athens decides to start a war against Macedonia.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
+Diod_18.10'1-5;*
Plut:Phoc_23'1-4,
:Mor_188'D;
+Hieron:Chron_1694.
|
|---|
| 57
| {11 Hecatombaeon -G = July/Aug.} Document: IG_2³.375, an Athenian decree concerning a delegation to the Nemean Games.
|
|---|
| 58
| The Athenians gain the support of other Greek states as they prepare for war.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
(?)
Dem:Epist_1-4;
[Aeschin]:Ep_11'6-12;
+Diod_18.11'1-5;*
Plut:Dem_26'7-27'1,
:Mor_220'F;
Paus_1.25'4,
4.28'3,
5.4'9,
7.6'5-6;
Just_13.5'8;
Oros_3.23'14-15.
|
|---|
| 59
| PEL Demosthenes persuades some Peloponnesian cities to join in the war against Macedonia.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Plut:Dem_27'2-4,*
:Cic_53'2,
:Mor_846'D;
Just_13.5'9-10;
Oros_3.23'15.
|
|---|
| 60
| Demosthenes saves the sons of Lycurgus from imprisonment.
* Read Demosthenes' account
@
Dem:Epist_3'1-28;*
Hyper:Fr_23;
Plut:Mor_842'E;
{ OCD³; Demosthenes wrote in their defence while he was in exile.}
|
|---|
| 62
| GRE The Athenians recall Demosthenes from exile.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Plut:Dem_27'4-6,*
:Mor_846'D;
Appian:BCiv_2'16;(↓)
Paus_1.8'2;
Just_13.5'11;
Suda_D'456;
{ CAH_7.1'31=323/2.}
|
|---|
| 63
| ?? Aristotle gives the name Theophrastus, "divine speech", to his pupil Tyrtamus.
@
Strab_13'618;(2.4)
DiogLaert_5'38.
|
|---|
| 64
| Aristotle leaves Athens and goes to Chalcis; Theophrastus becomes head of the Peripatetic school.
* Read Diogenes' account
@
DionHal:Amm_1'5;
Sen:Dial_8.8'2;
Plut:Mor_850'C;
Gell_13.5'1-11;
ClemAl:Strom_1'14;(↓)
Aelian:VH_3'36;
DiogLaert_5'5-6,*
+'10,
'36;
Vit:Arist_VM'41;
Suda_A'3927,
P'2575;
{ CAH_6'631; OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 65
| MES Roxane gives birth to a son, who is called Alexander IV.
@
Arrian:Fr_1'9;
+[Euseb]:Chron_231;
{ Errington_p15; OCD³.}
|
|---|
| 66
| MAC The Greek army defeats Antipater, and he retreats to Lamia.
* Read Hypereides' account
@
Dem:Epist_6;
Hyper_6'11-18;*
MarmPar_B'9;
+Diod_18.12'1-13'3;
Plut:Phoc_23'5-7,
:Tim_6'5;
Paus_1.1'3,
29'13,
10.3'4;
Polyaen_4.4'2-3;
Arrian:Fr_1'9;
Just_13.5'8;
{ CAH_7.1'31; Errington_p16.}
|
|---|
| 67
| AFR The Carthaginians execute Hamilcar, their envoy to Alexander.
@
Just_21.6'7;
Oros_4.6'22.
|
|---|
| 68
| ROM == The Romans reject a proposal by M.Flavius to inflict severe punishments on the Tusculans.
@
+Liv_8.37'3-6.
|
|---|
