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133 B.C. Olympiad 161.4


Consuls: P. Mucius P.f. Scaevola, L.Calpurnius L.f. Piso Frugi
Athenian archon: Xenon

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    Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event

1 PAL << Birth of Matthias, the great-grandfather of Josephus.
@  ~Joseph:Vit_4; { During the first year of Hyrcanus.}
2 SPA Scipio publicly accepts a gift from Antiochus.
@  Cic:Deiot_19; ~[Liv]:Per_57; { CAH_8'370.}
3 Scipio encircles Numantia.
* Read Appian's account
@  ~[Liv]:Per_57; ValMax_3.7'2; Sen:Dial_3.11'7; Frontin:Str_4.7'27; +Appian:Hisp_92-93;*  ~Oros_5.7'8-12.
4 Rhetogenes escapes from Numantia.
@  +Appian:Hisp_94'
5 Negotiations between the Numantines and Scipio break down.
* Read Appian's account
@  Flor_1.34'12; +Appian:Hisp_95;*  Oros_5.7'12.
6 ROM Ti.Gracchus proposes an agrarian law.
* Read Velleius' account
@  +Vell_2.2'1-3;*  +Plut:TGrac_7'7-9'6; +Appian:BCiv_1'9-10; { CAH_9'62; OCD_g.}
7 M. Octavius vetoes the agrarian law, but is deposed.
* Read Appian's account
@  Cic:Mil_72, :Leg_3'24,L  :Brut_95, 222; Diod_34.6'1-2; +[Liv]:Per_58; Vell_2.2'3; Ascon_72;L  +Plut:TGrac_10'1-12'6; Flor_2.2'2-5; +Appian:BCiv_1'11-12;*  DioCass_fr.83'4-6; +Oros_5.8'3; { CAH_9'66-67.}
8 Gracchus' agrarian law is passed, and three commissioners are appointed to supervise the distribution of land.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Cic:LegAgr_2'10, :Sest_103; Diod_34.7'1; +[Liv]:Per_58; Vell_2.2'3; +Plut:TGrac_13'1-3;*  Flor_2.2'6; +Appian:BCiv_1'12-13;(↓)  [Vict]:VirIll_64'3-4;L  August:DeCiv_3'24; Schol:Bob_135;L  { CAH_9'67; OCD_g.}
9 SPA The Numantines make a final sally, but are repulsed.
* Read Florus' account
@  Flor_1.34'12-14;*  ~Oros_5.7'13-15.
9a GRE Philon comes to Athens, and is a pupil of the philosopher Cleitomachus.
@  Phld:Acad_33.
10 THR ?? Menas of Sestus acts as envoy to Straton, the Attalid general in Thrace.
@  OGIS_339'10-17<t=B  Austin_252>.
11 ASI ?? The grammarian Daphitas (or Daphidas) is put to death by Attalus.
* Read Strabo's account
@  Strab_14'647;* (1.39)  ValMax_1.8e'8; Suda_D'99; { It is not clear which king Attalus this was.}
12 ++ General comments on the career of the poet Nicander of Colophon.
* Read Suda's account
@  (?) Syll_452; Vit:Arat_1'p8-p9, 2'p12, 4'p20-p21; :Nicand_1; Suda_K'374;*  { ~OCD_n; according to the "life of Nicander", he lived during the reign of Attalus III, though the lives of Aratus places him slightly earlier, in the reign of Ptolemy V.}
12a ?? Document: OGIS_335, the settlement of a dispute between Pitane and Mytilene by arbitrators from Pergamon.
12b ?? Document: RC_68 & 69, letters of Attalus III concerning Hieracome in Lydia and Hieracome in Caria.
12c ?? Document: OGIS_332, a decree of Pergamon granting divine honours to Attalus III.
13 ++ Attalus is a keen gardener.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Plin:HN_18'22;L  Plut:Demetr_20'3.* 
14 Death of Attalus III of Pergamon, who bequeaths his kingdom to Rome.
* Read Florus' account
@  Sall:Hist_4.67'8; ~[Liv]:Per_58, 59; Strab_14'665;(3.4)  ValMax_5.2e'3; Plin:HN_33'148; Flor_1.35'1-3,*  47'7-8; Appian:BCiv_5'4; Just_36.4'5; ~Eutrop_4.18'1; !Hieron:Chron_1887; +Oros_5.8'4; { CAH_8'378; CAH_9'33.}
15 ROM Gracchus proposes to share out the money left by Attalus.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  (?) Cic:Rep_3'41; +[Liv]:Per_58; +Plut:TGrac_14'1-4;*  Flor_2.3'2; [Vict]:VirIll_64'5;L  +Oros_5.8'4; { CAH_8'378; CAH_9'68.}
16 T.Annius Luscus challenges Gracchus.
* Read Livy's account
@  +[Liv]:Per_58;*  +Plut:TGrac_14'5-16'1; { CAH_9'73.}
17 SPA The Numantines surrender, after being forced by hunger to resort to cannibalism.
* Read Appian's account
@  Diod_34.4'1-2; ~[Liv]:Per_59; Strab_3'162;(4.13)  ValMax_3.2e'7, 7.6e'2; Petron:Sat_141;(↓)  ~Appian:Hisp_96-97;*  [Vict]:VirIll_58'6;L  Eutrop_4.17'2.
18 << Scipio praises C.Marius.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Cic:Balb_47; Plut:Mar_3'3-5;*  { CAH_8'136; OCD_n.}
19 << Scipio insults C.Metellus, who is serving under him at Numantia.
@  Cic:DeOr_2'267.
20 ++ General comments on the long and difficult Numantine War, which was finally brought to a close by Scipio.
* Read Florus' account
@  Polyb_12.5'2-3; Lucil_426-439; Cic:Rep_1'17; Strab_3'162;(4.13)  Vell_2.9'4; Flor_1.34'1-2;*  Gell_2.13'3.
21 Scipio destroys Numantia; the end of the Numantine War.
* Read Appian's account
@  Cic:Rep_1'71, 6'11; ~[Liv]:Per_59; ~Vell_2.4'2-3; Sen:Ep_66'13; Flor_1.34'15-16; ~Appian:Hisp_98;*  Eutrop_4.17'2; Hieron:Chron_1875; AmmMarc_23.5'20; ~Oros_5.7'16-17; { CAH_8'541.}
22 SIC The slave revolt continues; the Roman prefect C.Titius is punished after being defeated by the slaves, but Piso recaptures some towns.
* Read Livy's account
@  CIL_1.847; Diod_34.8'1-9'1; ~[Liv]:Per_58;*  ValMax_2.7'1, '9, 4.3'10; Frontin:Str_4.1'26; +Obseq_27b; +Oros_5.9'4-6; { OCD_eunus.}
23 ROM The elections for new tribunes end in deadlock.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  +Plut:TGrac_16'1-3;*  +Appian:BCiv_1'14-15; DioCass_fr.83'7-8; { CAH_9'69.}
24 ++ Conflicting comments on the character of Ti.Gracchus, and his controversial career.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Cic:HarResp_41, :Leg_3'20,L  :Brut_103-104; Diod_34.5'1; Plut:TGrac_2'1-3'2,*  :CGrac_20'1-21'5; Flor_2.1'1-2'1; DioCass_fr.83'1-3.
25 Gracchus is killed by his opponents, led by P.Scipio Nasica.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Gell_2.13'4-5<q" Asellio>; [Cic]:RhetHer_4'68; Sall:Jug_42'1-3; Cic:Brut_103, :Phil_8'13; Diod_34.7'2, 33'6; +[Liv]:Per_58, 59; Vell_2.3'1-4; ValMax_1.4'2, 3.2'17; +Plut:TGrac_17'1-20'4;*  Flor_2.2'6-7; +Appian:BCiv_1'15-18; Ampel_26'1; +Obseq_27a; [Vict]:VirIll_64'6-8;L  +Oros_5.9'1-3; { CAH_9'72; OCD_g.}
26 SPA Scipio praises Jugurtha.
@  Sall:Jug_8'1-9'2, 22'2; { After the destruction of Numantia.}
27 PAL {October} Antiochus grants a truce to the Jews during the feast of Tabernacles.
* Read Josephus' account
@  ~Joseph:AJ_13'240-244;*  Plut:Mor_184'E-F; { CAH_8'370=134.}
28 AS1 Aristonicus leads a rebellion against the imposition of Roman rule in Asia.
* Read Florus' account
@  ~[Liv]:Per_59; Strab_14'646;(1.38)  Vell_2.4'1; Plut:Flam_21'10; Flor_1.35'4;*  Just_36.4'6; Trog:Prol_36; { CAH_8'378; OCD_ar.}
29 AS1 Document: OGIS_338, a decree extending the citizenship of Pergamon as a consequence of Attalus' will.
30 SPA Scipio Aemilianus receives the news of Gracchus' death.
@  Diod_34.7'3; ~Plut:TGrac_21'7.
31 ROM P.Rupilius is elected consul, through the influence of Scipio.
@  Cic:Amic_73.
32 P.Crassus is chosen to succeed Gracchus on the agrarian commission.
@  ~Plut:TGrac_21'1-3; { OCD_c.}
33 SPA Scipio settles the affairs of the Spanish cities.
@  ~Appian:Hisp_98; Eutrop_4.17'2.
34 ROM Gracchus' supporters try to bring Scipio Nasica to trial, but Scaevola defends him and he is sent away to settle affairs in Asia.
* Read Plutarch's account
@  Cic:Dom_91, :DeOr_2'285, :Planc_88, :Rep_1'6, :Amic_41; Diod_34.33'7; ValMax_5.3'2; Plut:TGrac_21'4-7;*  [Vict]:VirIll_64'9;L  { CAH_8'378.}
35 SIC The Romans send a religious embassy to Enna, after consulting the Sibylline books.
* Read Cicero's account
@  +Cic:Verr_2.4'108;*  ~Diod_34.10'1; ValMax_1.1'1c.

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