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261 B.C. Olympiad 129.4


Consuls: L. Valerius M.f. Flaccus, T. Otacilius C.f. Crassus

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    Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event

1 SIC << Syracusan and Gallic mercenaries plot to betray Agrigentum.
* Read Polybius' account
Polyb_1.43'2, '8, 2.7'7.
2 {Jan./Feb. ?} The Romans defeat the Carthaginians, and capture Agrigentum.
* Read Polybius' account
+Polyb_1.19'6-15, 23'4, 27'5; ~Diod_23.7'1-9'1; (?) Frontin:Str_2.1'4; ~Oros_4.7'6; +Zonar_8'10;(p403-5)  { CAH_7.2'547; Green_695.}
3 ROM News of the capture of Agrigentum arrives at Rome.
+Polyb_1.20'1-2.
3a EGY {22 Tybi -E = March} Document: AET_7.20, an oath in the name of the king, made by a musician.
4 ASI << Document: BD_21 (RC_14), a letter from Ptolemy II to the city of Miletus, and a decree of Miletus in response to it. { ~Errington_p134.}
4b << Document: THI_132, a decree of Priene in honour of the commander of the city's guards.
4a GRE Document: THI_94.A, a decree of the Amphictyons, confirming the status of the Ptolemaeeia.
5 AEG Antigonus defeats the Egyptian navy at the battle of Cos.
* Read Athenaeus' account
@  (?) Aristeas_181; Joseph:AJ_12'93; Plut:Mor_183'C, 545'B, 676'D;(5.3)  Athen_5.209'e; DiogLaert_4'39; { CAH_7.1'239; Green_147.}
6 ++ Patroclus and the Egyptian fleet do little to help Athens against Antigonus.
* Read Athenaeus' account
Paus_1.1'1, 7'3; Athen_8.334'a-b.
6a ?? Document: OGIS_44 & 45, decrees of Thera and Itanus in honour of Patroclus.
7 GRE ?? Document: Austin_62,B  a decree of Rhamnūs in honour of Epichares. { CAH_7.1'238.}
7a ?? Document: THI_94.B, a decree of the Amphictyons honouring the hieromnemones for providing security during the war. { Errington_p91.}
8 ?? A saying attributed to demagogues during the war against Antigonus, that only Athenians know the true road to heaven.
Athen_6.250'f.
9 Athens surrenders to Antigonus.
* Read Apollodorus' account
Apollod:Fr_44; Paus_3.6'6; Polyaen_4.6'20; { CAH_7.1'238; Errington_p89-90=262; Hölbl_p42.}
10 MAC Alexander of Epirus invades Macedonia, but is defeated by Demetrius, the son of Antigonus.
* Read Justin's account
Aelian:NA_10'34; ~Just_26.2'9-11; [Euseb]:Chron_243; { CAH_7.1'501; Green_695.}
11 AFR The Carthaginians send Hamilcar to replace Hanno in Sicily.
* Read Zonaras' account
~Diod_23.9'2; ~Zonar_8'10.(p405) 
12 SIC The Romans besiege Myttistratum.
~Diod_23.9'3.
13 SYR ?? The foundation of Apameia (formerly called Celaenae).
* Read Livy's account
Liv_38.13'5; Strab_12'578.(8.15) 
14 EXT ?? The foundation of Antiocheia Margiana.
* Read Strabo's account
Strab_11'516;(10.2)  Plin:HN_6'47.
15 PER ?? The foundation of Antiocheia-in-Persis, with settlers from Magnesia.
OGIS_233'14-21<t=B  Austin_190>.
16 SYR ?? Other cities founded by Antiochus I, including Achais-Heracleia, Apameia in Sittacene, Artacabene, Laodiceia-in-Media and Stratoniceia.
* Read Strabo's account
Strab_11'524,(13.6)  12'577,(8.14)  14'660,(2.25)  16'750;(2.4)  Plin:HN_6'48, '93, '115, '132.
17 GRE ?? Antiochus returns to Athens some statues which had been removed by Xerxes.
Paus_1.8'5.
18 AEG ?? Document: CGRN_254 (OGIS_222), a decree of the League of Ionians commemorating the birthday of Antiochus I.
18a MES ?? Document: Berossus_, the "Babyloniaca" of Berossus, a Babylonian priest.
Tatian_36; { See the discussion of the date by Geert De Breucker ( PDF ); there seems no reason to place it in the third year of Antiochus.}
19 SYR ?? Antiochus chooses the sons of Sostratus the flute-player to be his bodyguards.
* Read Athenaeus' account
Athen_1.19'd, 6.244'f.
20 ++ General comments on the prosperous lifestyle of Antiochus.
Plut:Mor_341'A; Liban:Or_11'108.B 
21 {16 month2 -B = 2 June} The death of Antiochus I, and accession of Antiochus II.
+BabylChron_BM.35603'O9-11, IM.65066; Aelian:NA_6'44; Trog:Prol_26; +[Euseb]:Chron_249,(↓)  263; +Hieron:Chron_1756; Sulpit_2'19; Malal_204-205; ExcBarb_46A; Movses_2'1; { CAH_7.1'418; Errington_p117.}
22 EGY {12 Artemisios -M} Document: BD_55, a letter from Apollonius to Apollodotus, about imports of grain from Syria.
23 EPI Alexander is driven out of Epirus, and goes into exile in Acarnania.
* Read Justin's account
~Just_26.2'12-3'1; [Euseb]:Chron_243; { CAH_7.1'501; OCD_a=263.}
24 GRE ?? Antigonus visits Zenon and persuades him to go to a party.
Athen_13.603'e<q" AntigonusC>.
25 ?? Dionysius "Metathemenos" leaves Zenon and joins the Cyrenaean sect of philosophers.
* Read Athenaeus' account
Phld:Sto_31; Cic:Tusc_2'60; Lucian:BisAc_20-23; Athen_7.281'd-e; DiogLaert_7'166, '167; Vit:Arat_2'p11; { Cicero records in this context a conversation between Dionysius and Cleanthes, which apparently took place at a later date.}
26 ?? Sayings of Zenon, addressed to Amoebeus, Antigonus, Ariston, Cleanthes, Dionysius and others.
* Read Diogenes' account
Cic:Mur_61, :Orat_113,L  :Acad_2'145; Quint_2.20'7; Plut:Mor_443'A, 504'A; Athen_2.55'f, 5.186'd, 8.345'd; Aelian:VH_9'26; DiogLaert_7'14, '17-26.
27 ++ The character of Zenon and his followers, including Cleanthes, Dionysius, Persaeus and Poseidonius.
* Read Diogenes' account
Phld:Sto_1-12, :DeSto_2-4; Cic:Fin_4'14-15, '56, :Tusc_5'34, :ND_1'37-38; Strab_1'15;(2.2)  ValMax_8.7e'11; Sen:Ben_4.39'1-2, :Ep_6'6; Plut:Cleom_2'3, :Mor_1034'A;(4)  Athen_13.563'e; Aelian:NA_4'45, :VH_7'14, 9'33; DiogLaert_7'1, '5-16, '27-28, '32-34, '36-38, '166-167, '168-170, '174; Suda_D'202, K'1711, P'2108, S'1150, Z'79.
28 The death of Zenon, the founder of the stoic school of philosophy.
* Read Diogenes' account
Phld:Sto_29, :DeSto_1; Strab_13'610;(1.57)  Plut:Mor_183'D; Lucian:Macr_19; ClemAl:Strom_1'14;(↓)  ~DiogLaert_7'10-12, '15, '28-31, '174, '176; !Hieron:Chron_1753; Suda_Z'79; { CAH_7.1'501; OCD_z=263; when Arrhenides was archon.}
29 GRE {Mesore -E = Sept./Oct.} Document: BD_88, a receipt for seed-corn which was issued to Pasis.
30 ROM The Romans build a navy.
* Read Polybius' account
+Polyb_1.20'3-21'2; Plin:HN_16'192;L  !Zonar_8'15;(p5)  { CAH_7.2'548; Green_695.}
31 SIC Hamilcar causes the destruction of a band of disaffected Gallic mercenaries.
* Read Diodorus' account
~Diod_23.8'3; Frontin:Str_3.16'3; ~Zonar_8'10.(p405) 
32 The Romans abandon the siege of Myttistratum.
~Diod_23.9'3-4.
33 ASI ?? Document: Syll_426, a decree of Bargylia in honour of Tyron of Teos.

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